Rust: Replace recursion through forall with ranked recursion

[hvitved]

A recent QA run showed a timeout on mimuw-distributed-systems-group/cmemu. The problematic predicate was hasNoCompatibleTargetNoBorrowToIndex, where we do recursion through forall via the inlined predicate hasNoCompatibleNonBlanketTargetCheck. This PR applies the standard trick of replacing such recursion with ranked recursion, and since the original check already happened inside such (another) ranked recursion, it means we are now doing two levels of ranked recursion (see QL doc on the newly introduced NoCompatibleTarget module).

I also noted that in the original hasNoCompatibleTargetSharedBorrow check we were calling hasNoCompatibleNonBlanketLikeTargetCheck, which should have been hasNoCompatibleTargetCheck (just like in hasNoCompatibleTargetNoBorrow), so this has been fixed as well.

The second commit is an unrelated improvement to how we check blanket constraints.

DCA shows improved performance as well as reduction in inconsistencies (because of the hasNoCompatibleTargetCheck change), except for rust-lang/rust: while type inference is in fact faster, the query rust/access-after-lifetime-ended is much slower, as a side-effect of improved call resolution.

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR updates the Rust type inference library to avoid timeouts caused by recursion-through-forall in call-target compatibility checks, and includes a small refinement to blanket-constraint handling. It also updates/adjusts affected library tests and expectations to reflect the new resolution behavior.

Changes:

• Replaces recursion-through-forall with ranked recursion for “no compatible target” checks (via a new NoCompatibleTarget helper module) and fixes an incorrect compatibility check used for shared-borrow cases.
• Refines blanket-constraint checking to work from the bound Path (and updates related constraint-satisfaction plumbing accordingly).
• Updates type-inference and dataflow library-test sources/expected outputs for the new behavior.

Show a summary per file

File	Description
rust/ql/lib/codeql/rust/internal/typeinference/TypeInference.qll	Introduces ranked-recursion based “no compatible target” logic and refactors borrow-candidate selection.
rust/ql/lib/codeql/rust/internal/typeinference/BlanketImplementation.qll	Adjusts blanket-constraint selection to use bound paths and updates constraint satisfaction interface usage.
rust/ql/lib/codeql/rust/internal/PathResolution.qll	Adds getBoundPath(int) and refactors bound resolution to use it.
rust/ql/test/library-tests/type-inference/closure.rs	Updates/extends a closure test case to capture the new/known-missing resolution behavior.
rust/ql/test/library-tests/type-inference/type-inference.expected	Updates expected type-inference results for the modified call/borrow resolution behavior.
rust/ql/test/library-tests/dataflow/local/DataFlowStep.expected	Updates expected local dataflow steps reflecting changed implicit borrow/deref modeling.

Copilot's findings

• Files reviewed: 6/6 changed files
• Comments generated: 1