diff --git a/AGENTS.md b/AGENTS.md
index 5c385a78db..01d3c96e8c 100644
--- a/AGENTS.md
+++ b/AGENTS.md
@@ -68,6 +68,10 @@ It consists of: Java (Truffle) + C (CPython C-API compatibility) + Python stdlib
 * Style / formatting
   `mx python-style --fix`
   `mx python-gate --tags style`
+* Building standalones for benchmarking
+  - use `mx --env native-ee sforceimports && mx --env native-ee checkout-downstream compiler graal-enterprise` to get the right revisions
+  - use `mx -p ../graal/vm fetch-jdk -jdk-id labsjdk-ce-latest` and set JAVA_HOME as per that command's output
+  - use `mx --env jvm-ee-libgraal` and `mx --env native-ee` to build the JAVA and NATIVE standalone distributions
 
 ## NOTES
 - When searching for implementation, prefer `graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/...` over vendored `lib-python` unless you are intentionally modifying upstream stdlib/tests.
diff --git a/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python.benchmarks/python/micro/jsonrpc-pipe.py b/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python.benchmarks/python/micro/jsonrpc-pipe.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..83ee8cfd06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python.benchmarks/python/micro/jsonrpc-pipe.py
@@ -0,0 +1,443 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+#
+# The Universal Permissive License (UPL), Version 1.0
+#
+# Subject to the condition set forth below, permission is hereby granted to any
+# person obtaining a copy of this software, associated documentation and/or
+# data (collectively the "Software"), free of charge and under any and all
+# copyright rights in the Software, and any and all patent rights owned or
+# freely licensable by each licensor hereunder covering either (i) the
+# unmodified Software as contributed to or provided by such licensor, or (ii)
+# the Larger Works (as defined below), to deal in both
+#
+# (a) the Software, and
+#
+# (b) any piece of software and/or hardware listed in the lrgrwrks.txt file if
+# one is included with the Software each a "Larger Work" to which the Software
+# is contributed by such licensors),
+#
+# without restriction, including without limitation the rights to copy, create
+# derivative works of, display, perform, and distribute the Software and make,
+# use, sell, offer for sale, import, export, have made, and have sold the
+# Software and the Larger Work(s), and to sublicense the foregoing rights on
+# either these or other terms.
+#
+# This license is subject to the following condition:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and either this complete permission notice or at a
+# minimum a reference to the UPL must be included in all copies or substantial
+# portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+# SOFTWARE.
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import io
+import json
+import os
+import re
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import time
+
+
+EMAIL_RE = re.compile(r"\s+")
+NON_DIGIT_RE = re.compile(r"\D+")
+_STATE = None
+
+
+class Endpoint:
+    def __init__(self, mode, reader, writer, closeables=()):
+        self.mode = mode
+        self.reader = reader
+        self.writer = writer
+        self.closeables = closeables
+
+    def write_message(self, message):
+        line = json.dumps(message, separators=(",", ":"))
+        if self.mode == "text":
+            self.writer.write(line)
+            self.writer.write("\n")
+            self.writer.flush()
+            return
+        payload = (line + "\n").encode("utf-8")
+        if self.mode == "buffer":
+            self.writer.write(payload)
+            self.writer.flush()
+            return
+        write_all(self.writer, payload)
+
+    def read_message(self):
+        if self.mode == "text":
+            line = self.reader.readline()
+        else:
+            data = self.reader.readline()
+            line = data.decode("utf-8") if data else ""
+        if not line:
+            raise EOFError("unexpected EOF while reading line")
+        return json.loads(line)
+
+    def close(self):
+        streams = self.closeables if self.closeables else (self.reader, self.writer)
+        for stream in streams:
+            if hasattr(stream, "close"):
+                try:
+                    stream.close()
+                except OSError:
+                    pass
+
+
+class FDLineReader:
+    def __init__(self, fd):
+        self.fd = fd
+        self.pending = bytearray()
+
+    def readline(self):
+        while True:
+            newline = self.pending.find(b"\n")
+            if newline >= 0:
+                line = bytes(self.pending[: newline + 1])
+                del self.pending[: newline + 1]
+                return line
+            chunk = os.read(self.fd, 4096)
+            if not chunk:
+                if not self.pending:
+                    return b""
+                line = bytes(self.pending)
+                self.pending.clear()
+                return line
+            self.pending.extend(chunk)
+
+
+class State:
+    def __init__(self, roundtrips, client_io, worker_io, workload, payload_bytes, batch_size):
+        self.roundtrips = roundtrips
+        self.client_io = client_io
+        self.worker_io = worker_io
+        self.workload = workload
+        self.payload_bytes = payload_bytes
+        self.batch_size = batch_size
+        self.next_request_id = 1
+        self.process = None
+        self.endpoint = None
+
+
+def write_all(fd, data):
+    view = memoryview(data)
+    while view:
+        written = os.write(fd, view)
+        view = view[written:]
+
+
+def create_text_endpoint(read_raw, write_raw):
+    reader_buffer = io.BufferedReader(read_raw, buffer_size=8192)
+    writer_buffer = io.BufferedWriter(write_raw, buffer_size=8192)
+    reader = io.TextIOWrapper(reader_buffer, encoding="utf-8", newline=None)
+    writer = io.TextIOWrapper(writer_buffer, encoding="utf-8", newline="\n", line_buffering=False, write_through=False)
+    return Endpoint("text", reader, writer)
+
+
+def create_buffer_endpoint(read_raw, write_raw):
+    reader = io.BufferedReader(read_raw, buffer_size=8192)
+    writer = io.BufferedWriter(write_raw, buffer_size=8192)
+    return Endpoint("buffer", reader, writer)
+
+
+def create_fd_endpoint(read_fd, write_fd, closeables=()):
+    return Endpoint("fd", FDLineReader(read_fd), write_fd, closeables)
+
+
+def create_parent_endpoint(process, mode):
+    if mode == "text":
+        return create_text_endpoint(process.stdout, process.stdin)
+    if mode == "buffer":
+        return create_buffer_endpoint(process.stdout, process.stdin)
+    return create_fd_endpoint(process.stdout.fileno(), process.stdin.fileno(), (process.stdout, process.stdin))
+
+
+def create_worker_endpoint(mode):
+    if mode == "text":
+        return Endpoint("text", sys.stdin, sys.stdout)
+    if mode == "buffer":
+        return Endpoint("buffer", sys.stdin.buffer, sys.stdout.buffer)
+    return create_fd_endpoint(0, 1)
+
+
+def normalize_email(value):
+    return EMAIL_RE.sub("", value.strip().lower())
+
+
+def normalize_phone(value):
+    digits = NON_DIGIT_RE.sub("", value)
+    if digits.startswith("00"):
+        digits = digits[2:]
+    return digits
+
+
+def mask_email(value):
+    name, _, domain = value.partition("@")
+    if not domain:
+        return "***"
+    return "%s***@%s" % (name[:1], domain)
+
+
+def mask_phone(value):
+    if len(value) <= 4:
+        return "*" * len(value)
+    return "*" * (len(value) - 4) + value[-4:]
+
+
+def mask_row(row):
+    email = normalize_email(str(row.get("email", "")))
+    phone = normalize_phone(str(row.get("phone", "")))
+    return {
+        "email_normalized": email,
+        "phone_normalized": phone,
+        "email_masked": mask_email(email) if email else None,
+        "phone_masked": mask_phone(phone) if phone else None,
+        "region": str(row.get("region", "")).upper(),
+        "source": str(row.get("source", "")).lower(),
+    }
+
+
+def make_echo_payload(payload_bytes):
+    if payload_bytes <= 0:
+        return ""
+    unit = "payload-"
+    return (unit * ((payload_bytes // len(unit)) + 1))[:payload_bytes]
+
+
+def make_mask_row(index, payload_bytes):
+    suffix = make_echo_payload(max(payload_bytes, 8))
+    return {
+        "email": " User%s.%s@Example.COM " % (index, suffix),
+        "phone": "+49 (170) %04d-%s" % (index, suffix[:8]),
+        "region": "eu",
+        "source": "microbench",
+    }
+
+
+def build_request(kind, request_id, payload_bytes, batch_size):
+    if kind == "health":
+        method = "health"
+        params = {}
+    elif kind == "echo":
+        method = "echo"
+        params = {"payload": make_echo_payload(payload_bytes)}
+    elif kind == "mask":
+        method = "mask"
+        params = make_mask_row(request_id, payload_bytes)
+    elif kind == "mask_batch":
+        method = "mask_batch"
+        params = {"rows": [make_mask_row(request_id + i, payload_bytes) for i in range(batch_size)]}
+    else:
+        raise AssertionError("unsupported request kind: %s" % kind)
+    return {"jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": request_id, "method": method, "params": params}
+
+
+def handle_request(message):
+    request_id = message.get("id")
+    method = message.get("method")
+    params = message.get("params", {})
+    if method == "health":
+        result = {"ok": True, "worker": "jsonrpc-pipe", "protocol": "json-rpc-2.0-ndjson"}
+    elif method == "echo":
+        payload = str(dict(params).get("payload", ""))
+        result = {"ok": True, "echo": payload, "size": len(payload)}
+    elif method == "mask":
+        result = {"ok": True, "normalized": mask_row(dict(params))}
+    elif method == "mask_batch":
+        rows = [mask_row(dict(row)) for row in dict(params).get("rows", [])]
+        result = {"ok": True, "normalized": rows, "count": len(rows)}
+    else:
+        return {"jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": request_id, "error": {"code": -32601, "message": "method not found"}}
+    return {"jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": request_id, "result": result}
+
+
+def validate_response(request, response, kind, payload_bytes, batch_size):
+    if response.get("id") != request["id"]:
+        raise AssertionError("mismatched response id")
+    if "error" in response:
+        raise AssertionError("worker returned error: %s" % (response["error"],))
+    result = response.get("result")
+    if not isinstance(result, dict) or not result.get("ok"):
+        raise AssertionError("unexpected response payload: %s" % (response,))
+    if kind == "echo":
+        if result.get("echo") != make_echo_payload(payload_bytes):
+            raise AssertionError("echo payload mismatch")
+    elif kind == "mask":
+        expected = mask_row(make_mask_row(int(request["id"]), payload_bytes))
+        if result.get("normalized") != expected:
+            raise AssertionError("mask result mismatch")
+    elif kind == "mask_batch":
+        expected_rows = [mask_row(make_mask_row(int(request["id"]) + i, payload_bytes)) for i in range(batch_size)]
+        if result.get("count") != batch_size or result.get("normalized") != expected_rows:
+            raise AssertionError("mask_batch result mismatch")
+
+
+def run_roundtrips(state):
+    completed = 0
+    for _ in range(state.roundtrips):
+        request = build_request(state.workload, state.next_request_id, state.payload_bytes, state.batch_size)
+        state.next_request_id += 1
+        state.endpoint.write_message(request)
+        response = state.endpoint.read_message()
+        validate_response(request, response, state.workload, state.payload_bytes, state.batch_size)
+        completed += 1
+    return completed
+
+
+def parse_int(value):
+    if isinstance(value, int):
+        return value
+    return int(str(value).replace("_", ""))
+
+
+def get_subprocess_launcher_args():
+    orig_argv = getattr(sys, "orig_argv", None)
+    if not orig_argv:
+        return [sys.executable]
+    launcher_args = [sys.executable]
+    for arg in orig_argv[1:]:
+        if not arg.startswith("-"):
+            break
+        launcher_args.append(arg)
+    return launcher_args
+
+
+def __process_args__(roundtrips=500, client_io="text", worker_io="text", workload="mask", payload_bytes=64, batch_size=8):
+    return [
+        parse_int(roundtrips),
+        str(client_io),
+        str(worker_io),
+        str(workload),
+        parse_int(payload_bytes),
+        parse_int(batch_size),
+    ]
+
+
+def __setup__(roundtrips=500, client_io="text", worker_io="text", workload="mask", payload_bytes=64, batch_size=8):
+    global _STATE
+    __teardown__()
+    state = State(roundtrips, client_io, worker_io, workload, payload_bytes, batch_size)
+    command = [
+        *get_subprocess_launcher_args(),
+        __file__,
+        "--worker",
+        "--worker-io=%s" % worker_io,
+    ]
+    process = subprocess.Popen(
+        command,
+        stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
+        stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+        stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+        bufsize=0,
+    )
+    state.process = process
+    state.endpoint = create_parent_endpoint(process, client_io)
+    _STATE = state
+
+
+def __benchmark__(roundtrips=500, client_io="text", worker_io="text", workload="mask", payload_bytes=64, batch_size=8):
+    if _STATE is None:
+        __setup__(roundtrips, client_io, worker_io, workload, payload_bytes, batch_size)
+    return run_roundtrips(_STATE)
+
+
+def __teardown__():
+    global _STATE
+    state = _STATE
+    _STATE = None
+    if state is None:
+        return
+    try:
+        if state.endpoint is not None:
+            state.endpoint.close()
+    finally:
+        if state.process is not None:
+            stderr = b""
+            try:
+                stderr = state.process.stderr.read() if state.process.stderr is not None else b""
+            except OSError:
+                pass
+            return_code = state.process.wait()
+            if return_code != 0:
+                raise RuntimeError("worker exited with status %d: %s" % (return_code, stderr.decode("utf-8", errors="replace")))
+
+
+def run_worker(worker_io):
+    endpoint = create_worker_endpoint(worker_io)
+    try:
+        while True:
+            try:
+                request = endpoint.read_message()
+            except EOFError:
+                return 0
+            endpoint.write_message(handle_request(request))
+    finally:
+        endpoint.close()
+
+
+def run_direct(roundtrips, client_io, worker_io, workload, payload_bytes, batch_size):
+    start = time.perf_counter()
+    __setup__(roundtrips, client_io, worker_io, workload, payload_bytes, batch_size)
+    try:
+        completed = __benchmark__(roundtrips, client_io, worker_io, workload, payload_bytes, batch_size)
+    finally:
+        __teardown__()
+    wall = time.perf_counter() - start
+    print("roundtrips=%d" % completed)
+    print("wall_s=%s" % wall)
+    print("throughput_ops_s=%s" % (completed / wall if wall else 0.0))
+    return 0
+
+
+def main(argv=None):
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Strict JSON-RPC-like pipe roundtrip microbenchmark.")
+    parser.add_argument("--worker", action="store_true")
+    parser.add_argument("--worker-io", choices=("text", "buffer", "fd"), default="text")
+    parser.add_argument("--roundtrips", type=parse_int, default=500)
+    parser.add_argument("--client-io", choices=("text", "buffer", "fd"), default="text")
+    parser.add_argument("--workload", choices=("health", "echo", "mask", "mask_batch"), default="mask")
+    parser.add_argument("--payload-bytes", type=parse_int, default=64)
+    parser.add_argument("--batch-size", type=parse_int, default=8)
+    args = parser.parse_args(argv)
+    if args.worker:
+        return run_worker(args.worker_io)
+    return run_direct(args.roundtrips, args.client_io, args.worker_io, args.workload, args.payload_bytes, args.batch_size)
+
+
+def run():
+    __setup__()
+    try:
+        __benchmark__()
+    finally:
+        __teardown__()
+
+
+def warmupIterations():
+    return 5
+
+
+def iterations():
+    return 10
+
+
+def summary():
+    return {
+        "name": "OutlierRemovalAverageSummary",
+        "lower-threshold": 0,
+        "upper-threshold": 0.3,
+    }
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    raise SystemExit(main())
diff --git a/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/BufferedIONodes.java b/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/BufferedIONodes.java
index c126f5f927..f6de4820a8 100644
--- a/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/BufferedIONodes.java
+++ b/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/BufferedIONodes.java
@@ -131,12 +131,12 @@ static boolean isClosed(PBuffered self) {
         }
 
         @SuppressWarnings("unused")
-        @Specialization(guards = {"self.getBuffer() != null", "self.isFastClosedChecks()"})
+        @Specialization(guards = {"self.getBuffer() != null", "self.hasFileIORaw()"})
         static boolean isClosedFileIO(PBuffered self) {
             return self.getFileIORaw().isClosed();
         }
 
-        @Specialization(guards = {"self.getBuffer() != null", "!self.isFastClosedChecks()"})
+        @Specialization(guards = {"self.getBuffer() != null", "!self.hasFileIORaw()"})
         static boolean isClosedBuffered(VirtualFrame frame, Node inliningTarget, PBuffered self,
                         @Cached PyObjectGetAttr getAttr,
                         @Cached PyObjectIsTrueNode isTrue) {
diff --git a/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/BufferedReaderMixinBuiltins.java b/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/BufferedReaderMixinBuiltins.java
index 8f5fb49222..f32954f9e4 100644
--- a/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/BufferedReaderMixinBuiltins.java
+++ b/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/BufferedReaderMixinBuiltins.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * The Universal Permissive License (UPL), Version 1.0
diff --git a/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/BufferedWriterNodes.java b/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/BufferedWriterNodes.java
index 5c7a52b178..76944609fa 100644
--- a/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/BufferedWriterNodes.java
+++ b/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/BufferedWriterNodes.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * The Universal Permissive License (UPL), Version 1.0
@@ -48,11 +48,16 @@
 import static com.oracle.graal.python.builtins.modules.io.IONodes.T_WRITE;
 import static com.oracle.graal.python.nodes.ErrorMessages.IO_S_INVALID_LENGTH;
 import static com.oracle.graal.python.nodes.ErrorMessages.WRITE_COULD_NOT_COMPLETE_WITHOUT_BLOCKING;
+import static com.oracle.graal.python.nodes.ErrorMessages.IO_CLOSED;
+import static com.oracle.graal.python.nodes.ErrorMessages.FILE_NOT_OPEN_FOR_S;
+import static com.oracle.graal.python.runtime.exception.PythonErrorType.IOUnsupportedOperation;
 import static com.oracle.graal.python.runtime.exception.PythonErrorType.OSError;
 import static com.oracle.graal.python.runtime.exception.PythonErrorType.ValueError;
 
 import com.oracle.graal.python.PythonLanguage;
+import com.oracle.graal.python.builtins.modules.PosixModuleBuiltins;
 import com.oracle.graal.python.builtins.objects.PNone;
+import com.oracle.graal.python.builtins.objects.exception.OSErrorEnum;
 import com.oracle.graal.python.builtins.objects.buffer.PythonBufferAccessLibrary;
 import com.oracle.graal.python.builtins.objects.bytes.PBytes;
 import com.oracle.graal.python.builtins.objects.common.SequenceStorageNodes;
@@ -61,8 +66,12 @@
 import com.oracle.graal.python.lib.PyNumberAsSizeNode;
 import com.oracle.graal.python.lib.PyObjectCallMethodObjArgs;
 import com.oracle.graal.python.nodes.PNodeWithContext;
+import com.oracle.graal.python.nodes.PConstructAndRaiseNode;
 import com.oracle.graal.python.nodes.PRaiseNode;
 import com.oracle.graal.python.nodes.object.BuiltinClassProfiles.IsBuiltinObjectProfile;
+import com.oracle.graal.python.runtime.PosixSupportLibrary;
+import com.oracle.graal.python.runtime.PosixSupportLibrary.PosixException;
+import com.oracle.graal.python.runtime.PythonContext;
 import com.oracle.graal.python.runtime.exception.PException;
 import com.oracle.graal.python.runtime.object.PFactory;
 import com.oracle.graal.python.util.PythonUtils;
@@ -72,8 +81,10 @@
 import com.oracle.truffle.api.dsl.GenerateInline;
 import com.oracle.truffle.api.dsl.Specialization;
 import com.oracle.truffle.api.frame.VirtualFrame;
+import com.oracle.truffle.api.profiles.InlinedBranchProfile;
 import com.oracle.truffle.api.library.CachedLibrary;
 import com.oracle.truffle.api.nodes.Node;
+import com.oracle.graal.python.runtime.GilNode;
 
 public class BufferedWriterNodes {
 
@@ -222,7 +233,40 @@ abstract static class RawWriteNode extends PNodeWithContext {
         /**
          * implementation of cpython/Modules/_io/bufferedio.c:_bufferedwriter_raw_write
          */
-        @Specialization
+        @SuppressWarnings("truffle-sharing")
+        @Specialization(guards = "self.hasFileIORaw()")
+        static int bufferedwriterRawWriteFileIO(VirtualFrame frame, Node inliningTarget, PBuffered self, byte[] buf, int len,
+                        @Bind PythonContext context,
+                        @CachedLibrary("context.getPosixSupport()") PosixSupportLibrary posixLib,
+                        @Cached InlinedBranchProfile errorProfile,
+                        @Cached GilNode gil,
+                        @Cached PConstructAndRaiseNode.Lazy constructAndRaiseNode,
+                        @Cached PRaiseNode raiseNode) {
+            PFileIO fileIO = self.getFileIORaw();
+            if (fileIO.isClosed()) {
+                throw raiseNode.raise(inliningTarget, ValueError, IO_CLOSED);
+            }
+            if (!fileIO.isWritable()) {
+                throw raiseNode.raise(inliningTarget, IOUnsupportedOperation, FILE_NOT_OPEN_FOR_S, "writing");
+            }
+            final int n;
+            try {
+                n = Math.toIntExact(PosixModuleBuiltins.WriteNode.write(fileIO.getFD(), buf, len,
+                                inliningTarget, posixLib, context.getPosixSupport(), errorProfile, gil));
+            } catch (PosixException e) {
+                if (e.getErrorCode() == OSErrorEnum.EAGAIN.getNumber()) {
+                    return -2;
+                }
+                throw constructAndRaiseNode.get(inliningTarget).raiseOSErrorFromPosixException(frame, e);
+            }
+            if (n > 0 && self.getAbsPos() != -1) {
+                self.incAbsPos(n);
+            }
+            return n;
+        }
+
+        @SuppressWarnings("truffle-sharing")
+        @Specialization(guards = "!self.hasFileIORaw()")
         static int bufferedwriterRawWrite(VirtualFrame frame, Node inliningTarget, PBuffered self, byte[] buf, int len,
                         @Bind PythonLanguage language,
                         @Cached PyObjectCallMethodObjArgs callMethod,
@@ -272,8 +316,16 @@ protected static void bufferedwriterFlushUnlocked(VirtualFrame frame, PBuffered
                 self.incRawPos(-rewind);
             }
             while (self.getWritePos() < self.getWriteEnd()) {
-                byte[] buf = PythonUtils.arrayCopyOfRange(self.getBuffer(), self.getWritePos(), self.getWriteEnd());
-                int n = rawWriteNode.execute(frame, inliningTarget, self, buf, buf.length);
+                byte[] buf;
+                int len;
+                if (self.hasFileIORaw() && self.getWritePos() == 0) {
+                    buf = self.getBuffer();
+                    len = self.getWriteEnd();
+                } else {
+                    buf = PythonUtils.arrayCopyOfRange(self.getBuffer(), self.getWritePos(), self.getWriteEnd());
+                    len = buf.length;
+                }
+                int n = rawWriteNode.execute(frame, inliningTarget, self, buf, len);
                 if (n == -2) {
                     throw raiseBlockingIOError.get(inliningTarget).raiseEAGAIN(WRITE_COULD_NOT_COMPLETE_WITHOUT_BLOCKING, 0);
                 }
diff --git a/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/PBuffered.java b/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/PBuffered.java
index bbcf567d5c..bf71cb80ba 100644
--- a/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/PBuffered.java
+++ b/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/PBuffered.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * The Universal Permissive License (UPL), Version 1.0
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ public void setFinalizing(boolean finalizing) {
         this.finalizing = finalizing;
     }
 
-    public boolean isFastClosedChecks() {
+    public boolean hasFileIORaw() {
         return fileioRaw != null;
     }
 
diff --git a/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/PTextIO.java b/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/PTextIO.java
index 200ff15b56..155ac163ad 100644
--- a/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/PTextIO.java
+++ b/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/PTextIO.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * The Universal Permissive License (UPL), Version 1.0
@@ -41,13 +41,9 @@
 package com.oracle.graal.python.builtins.modules.io;
 
 import static com.oracle.graal.python.builtins.objects.bytes.BytesUtils.append;
-import static com.oracle.graal.python.builtins.objects.bytes.BytesUtils.createOutputStream;
-import static com.oracle.graal.python.builtins.objects.bytes.BytesUtils.toByteArray;
 import static com.oracle.graal.python.nodes.StringLiterals.T_EMPTY_STRING;
 import static com.oracle.graal.python.util.PythonUtils.TS_ENCODING;
 
-import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
-
 import com.oracle.graal.python.builtins.objects.ints.IntBuiltins;
 import com.oracle.graal.python.builtins.objects.ints.IntNodes;
 import com.oracle.graal.python.builtins.objects.ints.PInt;
@@ -93,7 +89,7 @@ public final class PTextIO extends PTextIOBase {
     private int decodedCharsUsed; /* offset (in code points) into _decoded_chars for read() */
     private int decodedCharsLen; /* code point length of decodedChars */
 
-    private ByteArrayOutputStream pendingBytes;       // data waiting to be written.
+    private PendingBytesOutputStream pendingBytes;       // data waiting to be written.
 
     /*
      * snapshot is either NULL, or a tuple (dec_flags, next_input) where dec_flags is the second
@@ -112,7 +108,7 @@ public final class PTextIO extends PTextIOBase {
 
     public PTextIO(Object cls, Shape instanceShape) {
         super(cls, instanceShape);
-        pendingBytes = createOutputStream();
+        pendingBytes = new PendingBytesOutputStream();
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -324,11 +320,11 @@ TruffleString consumeAllDecodedChars(TruffleString.SubstringNode substringNode,
     }
 
     public void clearPendingBytes() {
-        pendingBytes = createOutputStream();
+        pendingBytes = new PendingBytesOutputStream();
     }
 
-    public byte[] getAndClearPendingBytes() {
-        byte[] b = toByteArray(pendingBytes);
+    public PendingBytesOutputStream getAndClearPendingBytes() {
+        PendingBytesOutputStream b = pendingBytes;
         clearPendingBytes();
         return b;
     }
diff --git a/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/PendingBytesOutputStream.java b/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/PendingBytesOutputStream.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..809711b9f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/PendingBytesOutputStream.java
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * The Universal Permissive License (UPL), Version 1.0
+ *
+ * Subject to the condition set forth below, permission is hereby granted to any
+ * person obtaining a copy of this software, associated documentation and/or
+ * data (collectively the "Software"), free of charge and under any and all
+ * copyright rights in the Software, and any and all patent rights owned or
+ * freely licensable by each licensor hereunder covering either (i) the
+ * unmodified Software as contributed to or provided by such licensor, or (ii)
+ * the Larger Works (as defined below), to deal in both
+ *
+ * (a) the Software, and
+ *
+ * (b) any piece of software and/or hardware listed in the lrgrwrks.txt file if
+ * one is included with the Software each a "Larger Work" to which the Software
+ * is contributed by such licensors),
+ *
+ * without restriction, including without limitation the rights to copy, create
+ * derivative works of, display, perform, and distribute the Software and make,
+ * use, sell, offer for sale, import, export, have made, and have sold the
+ * Software and the Larger Work(s), and to sublicense the foregoing rights on
+ * either these or other terms.
+ *
+ * This license is subject to the following condition:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and either this complete permission notice or at a
+ * minimum a reference to the UPL must be included in all copies or substantial
+ * portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+package com.oracle.graal.python.builtins.modules.io;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+
+final class PendingBytesOutputStream extends ByteArrayOutputStream {
+
+    PendingBytesOutputStream() {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    PendingBytesOutputStream(int size) {
+        super(size);
+    }
+
+    byte[] getBuffer() {
+        return buf;
+    }
+
+    int getCount() {
+        return count;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/TextIOWrapperNodes.java b/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/TextIOWrapperNodes.java
index 5eb40a3447..71d9832ae4 100644
--- a/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/TextIOWrapperNodes.java
+++ b/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/modules/io/TextIOWrapperNodes.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * The Universal Permissive License (UPL), Version 1.0
@@ -207,8 +207,8 @@ static void nothingTodo(@SuppressWarnings("unused") PTextIO self) {
         static void writeflush(VirtualFrame frame, Node inliningTarget, PTextIO self,
                         @Bind PythonLanguage language,
                         @Cached PyObjectCallMethodObjArgs callMethod) {
-            byte[] pending = self.getAndClearPendingBytes();
-            PBytes b = PFactory.createBytes(language, pending);
+            PendingBytesOutputStream pending = self.getAndClearPendingBytes();
+            PBytes b = PFactory.createBytes(language, pending.getBuffer(), pending.getCount());
             callMethod.execute(frame, inliningTarget, self.getBuffer(), T_WRITE, b);
             // TODO: check _PyIO_trap_eintr
         }
@@ -884,7 +884,7 @@ static void init(VirtualFrame frame, Node inliningTarget, PTextIO self, Object b
 
             if (buffer instanceof PBuffered) {
                 /* Cache the raw FileIO object to speed up 'closed' checks */
-                if (((PBuffered) buffer).isFastClosedChecks()) {
+                if (((PBuffered) buffer).hasFileIORaw()) {
                     PFileIO f = ((PBuffered) buffer).getFileIORaw();
                     self.setFileIO(f);
                 }
diff --git a/mx.graalpython/mx_graalpython_bench_param.py b/mx.graalpython/mx_graalpython_bench_param.py
index 78d5bf06c6..fe9eb3ef0e 100644
--- a/mx.graalpython/mx_graalpython_bench_param.py
+++ b/mx.graalpython/mx_graalpython_bench_param.py
@@ -121,6 +121,7 @@
     'virtualize-in-try-catch-oom': ITER_10,
     'phase_shift_warmup_baseline': ITER_5 + ['--self-measurement'] + ['500'],
     'phase_shift_warmup': ITER_3 + ['--self-measurement'] + ['1600', '500'],
+    'jsonrpc-pipe': ITER_10 + ['500', 'text', 'text', 'mask', '64'],
     'startup': ITER_5 + ['50'],
     'startup-imports': ITER_5 + ['20'],
 }
@@ -130,6 +131,7 @@
     'nano-arith': ITER_6 + WARMUP_2,
     'nano-loop': ITER_6 + WARMUP_2,
     'nano-if': ITER_6 + WARMUP_2,
+    'jsonrpc-pipe': ITER_6 + WARMUP_2 + ['100', 'text', 'text', 'mask', '64'],
     'arith-modulo-sized': ITER_6 + WARMUP_2 + ['1'],
     'if-generic': ITER_10 + WARMUP_2 + ['500000'],
     'if-generic-non-builtin': ITER_10 + WARMUP_2 + ['500000'],
diff --git a/scripts/profile-jsonrpc-pipe-async-buffer.sh b/scripts/profile-jsonrpc-pipe-async-buffer.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..5ca134c571
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/profile-jsonrpc-pipe-async-buffer.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+#
+# The Universal Permissive License (UPL), Version 1.0
+#
+# Subject to the condition set forth below, permission is hereby granted to any
+# person obtaining a copy of this software, associated documentation and/or
+# data (collectively the "Software"), free of charge and under any and all
+# copyright rights in the Software, and any and all patent rights owned or
+# freely licensable by each licensor hereunder covering either (i) the
+# unmodified Software as contributed to or provided by such licensor, or (ii)
+# the Larger Works (as defined below), to deal in both
+#
+# (a) the Software, and
+#
+# (b) any piece of software and/or hardware listed in the lrgrwrks.txt file if
+# one is included with the Software each a "Larger Work" to which the Software
+# is contributed by such licensors),
+#
+# without restriction, including without limitation the rights to copy, create
+# derivative works of, display, perform, and distribute the Software and make,
+# use, sell, offer for sale, import, export, have made, and have sold the
+# Software and the Larger Work(s), and to sublicense the foregoing rights on
+# either these or other terms.
+#
+# This license is subject to the following condition:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and either this complete permission notice or at a
+# minimum a reference to the UPL must be included in all copies or substantial
+# portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+# SOFTWARE.
+
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+ROOT="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/.." && pwd)"
+OUT="${1:-/tmp/jsonrpc-ee-worker-buffer.svg}"
+REQS="${REQS:-30000}"
+GRAALPY="${GRAALPY:-$ROOT/mxbuild/linux-amd64/GRAALPY_JVM_STANDALONE/bin/graalpy}"
+exec python3 "$ROOT/scripts/profile_jsonrpc_pipe_worker.py" \
+  --graalpy "$GRAALPY" \
+  --worker-io buffer \
+  --profiler async \
+  --requests "$REQS" \
+  --output "$OUT"
diff --git a/scripts/profile-jsonrpc-pipe-async-text.sh b/scripts/profile-jsonrpc-pipe-async-text.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2b75b1741d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/profile-jsonrpc-pipe-async-text.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+#
+# The Universal Permissive License (UPL), Version 1.0
+#
+# Subject to the condition set forth below, permission is hereby granted to any
+# person obtaining a copy of this software, associated documentation and/or
+# data (collectively the "Software"), free of charge and under any and all
+# copyright rights in the Software, and any and all patent rights owned or
+# freely licensable by each licensor hereunder covering either (i) the
+# unmodified Software as contributed to or provided by such licensor, or (ii)
+# the Larger Works (as defined below), to deal in both
+#
+# (a) the Software, and
+#
+# (b) any piece of software and/or hardware listed in the lrgrwrks.txt file if
+# one is included with the Software each a "Larger Work" to which the Software
+# is contributed by such licensors),
+#
+# without restriction, including without limitation the rights to copy, create
+# derivative works of, display, perform, and distribute the Software and make,
+# use, sell, offer for sale, import, export, have made, and have sold the
+# Software and the Larger Work(s), and to sublicense the foregoing rights on
+# either these or other terms.
+#
+# This license is subject to the following condition:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and either this complete permission notice or at a
+# minimum a reference to the UPL must be included in all copies or substantial
+# portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+# SOFTWARE.
+
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+ROOT="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/.." && pwd)"
+OUT="${1:-/tmp/jsonrpc-ee-worker-text.svg}"
+REQS="${REQS:-30000}"
+GRAALPY="${GRAALPY:-$ROOT/mxbuild/linux-amd64/GRAALPY_JVM_STANDALONE/bin/graalpy}"
+exec python3 "$ROOT/scripts/profile_jsonrpc_pipe_worker.py" \
+  --graalpy "$GRAALPY" \
+  --worker-io text \
+  --profiler async \
+  --requests "$REQS" \
+  --output "$OUT"
diff --git a/scripts/profile-jsonrpc-pipe-gprofng-buffer.sh b/scripts/profile-jsonrpc-pipe-gprofng-buffer.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..3aed4f4026
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/profile-jsonrpc-pipe-gprofng-buffer.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+#
+# The Universal Permissive License (UPL), Version 1.0
+#
+# Subject to the condition set forth below, permission is hereby granted to any
+# person obtaining a copy of this software, associated documentation and/or
+# data (collectively the "Software"), free of charge and under any and all
+# copyright rights in the Software, and any and all patent rights owned or
+# freely licensable by each licensor hereunder covering either (i) the
+# unmodified Software as contributed to or provided by such licensor, or (ii)
+# the Larger Works (as defined below), to deal in both
+#
+# (a) the Software, and
+#
+# (b) any piece of software and/or hardware listed in the lrgrwrks.txt file if
+# one is included with the Software each a "Larger Work" to which the Software
+# is contributed by such licensors),
+#
+# without restriction, including without limitation the rights to copy, create
+# derivative works of, display, perform, and distribute the Software and make,
+# use, sell, offer for sale, import, export, have made, and have sold the
+# Software and the Larger Work(s), and to sublicense the foregoing rights on
+# either these or other terms.
+#
+# This license is subject to the following condition:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and either this complete permission notice or at a
+# minimum a reference to the UPL must be included in all copies or substantial
+# portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+# SOFTWARE.
+
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+ROOT="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/.." && pwd)"
+OUT="${1:-/tmp/jsonrpc-ee-worker-buffer.er}"
+REQS="${REQS:-30000}"
+GRAALPY="${GRAALPY:-$ROOT/mxbuild/linux-amd64/GRAALPY_JVM_STANDALONE/bin/graalpy}"
+exec python3 "$ROOT/scripts/profile_jsonrpc_pipe_worker.py" \
+  --graalpy "$GRAALPY" \
+  --worker-io buffer \
+  --profiler gprofng \
+  --requests "$REQS" \
+  --output "$OUT"
diff --git a/scripts/profile-jsonrpc-pipe-gprofng-text.sh b/scripts/profile-jsonrpc-pipe-gprofng-text.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..63be3fb887
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/profile-jsonrpc-pipe-gprofng-text.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+#
+# The Universal Permissive License (UPL), Version 1.0
+#
+# Subject to the condition set forth below, permission is hereby granted to any
+# person obtaining a copy of this software, associated documentation and/or
+# data (collectively the "Software"), free of charge and under any and all
+# copyright rights in the Software, and any and all patent rights owned or
+# freely licensable by each licensor hereunder covering either (i) the
+# unmodified Software as contributed to or provided by such licensor, or (ii)
+# the Larger Works (as defined below), to deal in both
+#
+# (a) the Software, and
+#
+# (b) any piece of software and/or hardware listed in the lrgrwrks.txt file if
+# one is included with the Software each a "Larger Work" to which the Software
+# is contributed by such licensors),
+#
+# without restriction, including without limitation the rights to copy, create
+# derivative works of, display, perform, and distribute the Software and make,
+# use, sell, offer for sale, import, export, have made, and have sold the
+# Software and the Larger Work(s), and to sublicense the foregoing rights on
+# either these or other terms.
+#
+# This license is subject to the following condition:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and either this complete permission notice or at a
+# minimum a reference to the UPL must be included in all copies or substantial
+# portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+# SOFTWARE.
+
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+ROOT="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/.." && pwd)"
+OUT="${1:-/tmp/jsonrpc-ee-worker-text.er}"
+REQS="${REQS:-30000}"
+GRAALPY="${GRAALPY:-$ROOT/mxbuild/linux-amd64/GRAALPY_JVM_STANDALONE/bin/graalpy}"
+exec python3 "$ROOT/scripts/profile_jsonrpc_pipe_worker.py" \
+  --graalpy "$GRAALPY" \
+  --worker-io text \
+  --profiler gprofng \
+  --requests "$REQS" \
+  --output "$OUT"
diff --git a/scripts/profile_jsonrpc_pipe_worker.py b/scripts/profile_jsonrpc_pipe_worker.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..aed3bb4b90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/profile_jsonrpc_pipe_worker.py
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# Copyright (c) 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+# DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+#
+# The Universal Permissive License (UPL), Version 1.0
+#
+# Subject to the condition set forth below, permission is hereby granted to any
+# person obtaining a copy of this software, associated documentation and/or
+# data (collectively the "Software"), free of charge and under any and all
+# copyright rights in the Software, and any and all patent rights owned or
+# freely licensable by each licensor hereunder covering either (i) the
+# unmodified Software as contributed to or provided by such licensor, or (ii)
+# the Larger Works (as defined below), to deal in both
+#
+# (a) the Software, and
+#
+# (b) any piece of software and/or hardware listed in the lrgrwrks.txt file if
+# one is included with the Software each a "Larger Work" to which the Software
+# is contributed by such licensors),
+#
+# without restriction, including without limitation the rights to copy, create
+# derivative works of, display, perform, and distribute the Software and make,
+# use, sell, offer for sale, import, export, have made, and have sold the
+# Software and the Larger Work(s), and to sublicense the foregoing rights on
+# either these or other terms.
+#
+# This license is subject to the following condition:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and either this complete permission notice or at a
+# minimum a reference to the UPL must be included in all copies or substantial
+# portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+# SOFTWARE.
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import json
+from pathlib import Path
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from typing import BinaryIO, TextIO
+
+
+def parse_args() -> argparse.Namespace:
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Drive the jsonrpc-pipe worker under a profiler.")
+    parser.add_argument("--graalpy", required=True, help="Path to GraalPy launcher")
+    parser.add_argument("--worker-io", choices=("text", "buffer"), required=True)
+    parser.add_argument("--profiler", choices=("async", "gprofng"), required=True)
+    parser.add_argument("--requests", type=int, default=30000)
+    parser.add_argument("--output", required=True, help="Profile output file (async) or experiment dir (gprofng)")
+    parser.add_argument("--async-profiler-dir", default="/tmp/async-profiler-1.8.3-linux-x64")
+    parser.add_argument("--benchmark", default="graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python.benchmarks/python/micro/jsonrpc-pipe.py")
+    return parser.parse_args()
+
+
+def build_worker_cmd(args: argparse.Namespace) -> list[str]:
+    benchmark = str(Path(args.benchmark).resolve())
+    worker = [args.graalpy, benchmark, "--worker", f"--worker-io={args.worker_io}"]
+    if args.profiler == "async":
+        lib = Path(args.async_profiler_dir) / "build" / "libasyncProfiler.so"
+        return [
+            args.graalpy,
+            f"--vm.agentpath:{lib}=start,event=cpu,file={args.output}",
+            "--vm.XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions",
+            "--vm.XX:+DebugNonSafepoints",
+            benchmark,
+            "--worker",
+            f"--worker-io={args.worker_io}",
+        ]
+    return [
+        "gprofng",
+        "collect",
+        "app",
+        "-O",
+        args.output,
+        "-F",
+        "off",
+        "--",
+        *worker,
+    ]
+
+
+def make_request(index: int) -> dict[str, object]:
+    return {
+        "jsonrpc": "2.0",
+        "id": index,
+        "method": "mask",
+        "params": {
+            "email": f" User{index}.payload-payload@Example.COM ",
+            "phone": f"+49 (170) {index:04d}-payload-",
+            "region": "eu",
+            "source": "microbench",
+        },
+    }
+
+
+def read_json_line_text(stream: TextIO, stderr: TextIO) -> dict[str, object]:
+    while True:
+        line = stream.readline()
+        if not line:
+            raise RuntimeError(f"worker terminated early: {stderr.read()}")
+        if line.lstrip().startswith("{"):
+            return json.loads(line)
+
+
+def read_json_line_binary(stream: BinaryIO, stderr: BinaryIO) -> dict[str, object]:
+    while True:
+        line = stream.readline()
+        if not line:
+            raise RuntimeError(f"worker terminated early: {stderr.read().decode('utf-8', errors='replace')}")
+        if line.lstrip().startswith(b"{"):
+            return json.loads(line)
+
+
+def drive_text(process: subprocess.Popen[str], requests: int) -> None:
+    assert process.stdin is not None
+    assert process.stdout is not None
+    assert process.stderr is not None
+    for i in range(requests):
+        process.stdin.write(json.dumps(make_request(i), separators=(",", ":")) + "\n")
+        process.stdin.flush()
+        read_json_line_text(process.stdout, process.stderr)
+
+
+def drive_binary(process: subprocess.Popen[bytes], requests: int) -> None:
+    assert process.stdin is not None
+    assert process.stdout is not None
+    assert process.stderr is not None
+    for i in range(requests):
+        payload = (json.dumps(make_request(i), separators=(",", ":")) + "\n").encode("utf-8")
+        process.stdin.write(payload)
+        process.stdin.flush()
+        read_json_line_binary(process.stdout, process.stderr)
+
+
+def main() -> int:
+    args = parse_args()
+    output = Path(args.output)
+    output.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    if args.profiler == "gprofng" and output.exists():
+        if output.is_dir():
+            subprocess.check_call(["rm", "-rf", str(output)])
+        else:
+            output.unlink()
+    cmd = build_worker_cmd(args)
+    process_cwd = None
+    if args.profiler == "gprofng":
+        process_cwd = str(output.parent)
+        cmd[4] = output.name
+    text_mode = args.worker_io == "text"
+    if text_mode:
+        process = subprocess.Popen(
+            cmd,
+            cwd=process_cwd,
+            stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
+            stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+            stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+            text=True,
+            encoding="utf-8",
+            bufsize=1,
+        )
+        try:
+            drive_text(process, args.requests)
+            process.stdin.close()
+            rc = process.wait(timeout=120)
+            if rc != 0:
+                raise RuntimeError(process.stderr.read())
+            sys.stdout.write(process.stderr.read())
+        finally:
+            if process.poll() is None:
+                process.kill()
+    else:
+        process = subprocess.Popen(
+            cmd,
+            cwd=process_cwd,
+            stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
+            stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+            stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+            bufsize=0,
+        )
+        try:
+            drive_binary(process, args.requests)
+            process.stdin.close()
+            rc = process.wait(timeout=120)
+            if rc != 0:
+                raise RuntimeError(process.stderr.read().decode("utf-8", errors="replace"))
+            sys.stdout.write(process.stderr.read().decode("utf-8", errors="replace"))
+        finally:
+            if process.poll() is None:
+                process.kill()
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    raise SystemExit(main())